Circadian rhythms are driven by a complex, profoundly integrated network of clocks that maintain physiology and behaviors occurring at precise times and in the right order [1–3]. Light, the most powerful zeitgeber, entrains the central clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) via the retinohypothalamic tract with a precise 24-h rhythm in mammals [4, 5]. Due to irregular exposure to light conditions, such as an arrhythmic lifestyle, jet lag, and shift-work, circadian disturbance occurs quite often in modern societies and promotes a series of health problems such as obesity, depression, and neurodegenerative diseases [6, 7]. Thus, adjusting or resetting an arrhythmic circadian rhythm by using external cues has attracted wide attention [8]. Notably, food-induced cues have been documented to have effects on certain circadian rhythms in rodents and humans [9, 10]. In nocturnal rodents, timerestricted feeding during the light phase can produce a rhythmic behavior prior to mealtime, named food-anticipatory activity (FAA) [11–14] and can reset the phase of peripheral clocks [15]. Sex differences in response to FAA and an activity-based anorexia model have been reported in mice [12, 16]. However, timed feeding-induced effects on circadian rhythm are quite different from those induced by photic cues at both the molecular and behavioral levels [17]. In particular, feeding restricted to daytime has limited effects on the SCN rhythms of rodents exposed to normal light-dark conditions [18, 19]. Considering that circadian clocks also adapted to energetic demands during evolution, whether food-induced cues solely function as a potent zeitgeber for clock resetting remains debatable. Specifically, whether timed feeding during the subjective day under constant darkness can reset the endogenous circadian rhythm of the SCN in rodents is dependent on sex needs to be addressed.